What indicates a serious issue when evaluating fetal heart rate during labor?

When evaluating fetal heart rate during labor, variable decelerations are indicative of a serious issue. These decelerations are characterized by abrupt decreases in fetal heart rate that can vary in duration and timing, often correlating with uterine contractions. They typically occur due to cord compression, which can compromise fetal oxygenation.

In contrast, an increased fetal heart rate may suggest fetal excitement or potential hypoxia, but it is not necessarily an immediate cause for concern. A decreased heart rate can indicate bradycardia, which also requires further assessment but does not provide the same immediate risk profile as variable decelerations. Finally, a consistent fetal heart rate within the normal range is typically reassuring, suggesting there aren’t significant issues affecting the fetus at that moment.

Hence, variable decelerations are critical to recognize as they can lead to more severe complications if not addressed promptly, distinguishing them as a sign of a serious fetal issue during labor.